Some images, such as Pink Race Riot (Red Race Riot), which depicts peaceful civil rights campaigners being attacked by police, connected his work to broader social struggles and forced viewers to look at the world around them. The face of film star Marilyn Monroe became almost mask-like, while the emotional impact of the news images in his Death and Disaster series was both emphasised and undermined. This created effects that disrupted the images. While the printing process removed the artist’s hand, Warhol often allowed his screen to be over or under-inked. Screenprinting meant he could reproduce photographs onto canvas multiple times. He began to use photographs from newspapers and magazines, often depicting traumatic scenes. Warhol was eager to speed up the process of replicating his images, so in 1962 he adopted the commercial production technique of screenprinting. John Giorno said that Warhol got round the homophobia of the art world ‘by making the movie Sleep into an abstract painting: the body of a man as a field of light and shadow.’ It is projected in slow motion, giving a dream-like feel.īy documenting a single action with no dramatic narrative, Warhol turned film into something that could be treated like a painting hanging on the wall. I protested that I hadn’t a clue how to edit, but he fished out an old moviola editing machine, showed me how it operated and so to work I went.’ The final version repeats many scenes and lasts over five hours. He edited them with Sarah Dalton, who recalled, ‘he asked me to edit it, taking out bits where John moved too much – he wanted the movie to be without movement. Warhol shot around 50 reels of film for Sleep, each one lasting only three minutes. Warhol was fascinated by the ability of his friends to stay up for days on end while using drugs and wondered whether sleep would soon become obsolete. The film shows 22 close-ups of the poet John Giorno, who was briefly Warhol’s lover, as he sleeps in the nude. His first serious art film was Sleep, made over several nights in summer and autumn 1963 with a 16mm camera. It would take another decade before he found success as an artistįrom the start of his career, Warhol used his intimate personal relationships with people to create new ways of looking at the world. Warhol was considered too camp, or what some referred to as ‘swish’, and overly connected to the commercial world of advertising illustration to be a serious contender. Abstract expressionist art dominated the US art world. Warhol’s first exhibitions in the 1950s featured line drawings of young men. She helped with his illustrations and lived with him until shortly before her death in 1972.Īs a gay man growing up at a time when sex between men was illegal in the United States, Warhol embraced New York’s queer community of designers, poets, dancers and artists. His mother joined him in New York a few years later. During this time, he permanently dropped the ‘a’ from his surname. In 1949, at the age of 21, Warhol moved to New York to work as a commercial illustrator. When Warhol’s father died in 1942, he left his savings for his youngest child to go to college, where he studied pictorial design. He would draw with his mother and took art lessons at his local museum. Religious imagery and the glamour of Hollywood movies interested him from a young age. Warhol was brought up Ruthenian Catholic, attending church throughout his life. His parents were Carpatho-Rusyn, and had emigrated from Miková, a mountain village in what is now Slovakia. It draws attention to Warhol’s personal story and how his view of the world shaped his art.īorn in 1928 in the industrial town of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Andrew Warhola was the third son of Andrej and Julia Warhola. This exhibition examines Warhol’s subject matter, his experiments in media and the way he cultivated his public persona. Andy Warhol produced art at a time of immense social, political and technological change.
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